jq/tests/all.test

# Tests are groups of three lines: program, input, expected output
# Blank lines and lines starting with # are ignored

#
# Simple value tests to check parser. Input is irrelevant
#

true
null
true

false
null
false

null
42
null

1
null
1


-1
null
-1

# FIXME: much more number testing needed

{}
null
{}

[]
null
[]

{x: -1}
null
{"x": -1}

# The input line starts with a 0xFEFF (byte order mark) codepoint
# No, there is no reason to have a byte order mark in UTF8 text.
# But apparently people do, so jq shouldn't break on it.
.
"byte order mark"
"byte order mark"

# We test escapes by matching them against Unicode codepoints
# FIXME: more tests needed for weird unicode stuff (e.g. utf16 pairs)
"Aa\r\n\t\b\f\u03bc"
null
"Aa\u000d\u000a\u0009\u0008\u000c\u03bc"

.
"Aa\r\n\t\b\f\u03bc"
"Aa\u000d\u000a\u0009\u0008\u000c\u03bc"

"inter\("pol" + "ation")"
null
"interpolation"

@text,@json,([1,.] | @csv),@html,@uri,@sh,@base64
"<>&'\""
"<>&'\""
"\"<>&'\\\"\""
"1,\"<>&'\"\"\""
"&lt;&gt;&amp;&apos;&quot;"
"%3C%3E%26'%22"
"'<>&'\\''\"'"
"PD4mJyI="

@uri
"\u03bc"
"%CE%BC"

@html "<b>\(.)</b>"
"<script>hax</script>"
"<b>&lt;script&gt;hax&lt;/script&gt;</b>"

[.[]|tojson|fromjson]
["foo", 1, ["a", 1, "b", 2, {"foo":"bar"}]]
["foo",1,["a",1,"b",2,{"foo":"bar"}]]

#
# Dictionary construction syntax
#

{a: 1}
null
{"a":1}

{a,b,(.d):.a,e:.b}
{"a":1, "b":2, "c":3, "d":"c"}
{"a":1, "b":2, "c":1, "e":2}

{"a",b,"a$\(1+1)"}
{"a":1, "b":2, "c":3, "a$2":4}
{"a":1, "b":2, "a$2":4}

#
# Field access, piping
#

.foo
{"foo": 42, "bar": 43}
42

.foo | .bar
{"foo": {"bar": 42}, "bar": "badvalue"}
42

.foo.bar
{"foo": {"bar": 42}, "bar": "badvalue"}
42

.foo_bar
{"foo_bar": 2}
2

.["foo"].bar
{"foo": {"bar": 42}, "bar": "badvalue"}
42

."foo"."bar"
{"foo": {"bar": 20}}
20

[.[]|.foo?]
[1,[2],{"foo":3,"bar":4},{},{"foo":5}]
[3,null,5]

[.[]|.foo?.bar?]
[1,[2],[],{"foo":3},{"foo":{"bar":4}},{}]
[4,null]

[..]
[1,[[2]],{ "a":[1]}]
[[1,[[2]],{"a":[1]}],1,[[2]],[2],2,{"a":[1]},[1],1]

[.[]|.[]?]
[1,null,[],[1,[2,[[3]]]],[{}],[{"a":[1,[2]]}]]
[1,[2,[[3]]],{},{"a":[1,[2]]}]

[.[]|.[1:3]?]
[1,null,true,false,"abcdef",{},{"a":1,"b":2},[],[1,2,3,4,5],[1,2]]
[null,"bc",[],[2,3],[2]]

#
# Multiple outputs, iteration
#

.[]
[1,2,3]
1
2
3

1,1
[]
1
1

1,.
[]
1
[]

[.]
[2]
[[2]]

[[2]]
[3]
[[2]]

[{}]
[2]
[{}]

[.[]]
["a"]
["a"]

[(.,1),((.,.[]),(2,3))]
["a","b"]
[["a","b"],1,["a","b"],"a","b",2,3]

[([5,5][]),.,.[]]
[1,2,3]
[5,5,[1,2,3],1,2,3]

{x: (1,2)},{x:3} | .x
null
1
2
3

#
# Slices
#

[.[3:2], .[-5:4], .[:-2], .[-2:], .[3:3][1:], .[10:]]
[0,1,2,3,4,5,6]
[[], [2,3], [0,1,2,3,4], [5,6], [], []]

[.[3:2], .[-5:4], .[:-2], .[-2:], .[3:3][1:], .[10:]]
"abcdefghi"
["","","abcdefg","hi","",""]

del(.[2:4],.[0],.[-2:])
[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
[1,4,5]

.[2:4] = ([], ["a","b"], ["a","b","c"])
[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
[0,1,4,5,6,7]
[0,1,"a","b",4,5,6,7]
[0,1,"a","b","c",4,5,6,7]


#
# Variables
#

1 as $x | 2 as $y | [$x,$y,$x]
null
[1,2,1]

[1,2,3][] as $x | [[4,5,6,7][$x]]
null
[5]
[6]
[7]

42 as $x | . | . | . + 432 | $x + 1
34324
43

1 as $x | [$x,$x,$x as $x | $x]
null
[1,1,1]

# [.,(.[] | {x:.},.),.,.[]]

#
# Builtin functions
#

1+1
null
2

1+1
"wtasdf"
2.0

2-1
null
1

2-(-1)
null
3

1e+0+0.001e3
"I wonder what this will be?"
20e-1

.+4
15
19.0

.+null
{"a":42}
{"a":42}

null+.
null
null

.a+.b
{"a":42}
42

[1,2,3] + [.]
null
[1,2,3,null]

{"a":1} + {"b":2} + {"c":3}
"asdfasdf"
{"a":1, "b":2, "c":3}

"asdf" + "jkl;" + . + . + .
"some string"
"asdfjkl;some stringsome stringsome string"

"\u0000\u0020\u0000" + .
"\u0000\u0020\u0000"
"\u0000 \u0000\u0000 \u0000"

42 - .
11
31

[1,2,3,4,1] - [.,3]
1
[2,4]

[10 * 20, 20 / .]
4
[200, 5]

1 + 2 * 2 + 10 / 2
null
10

[16 / 4 / 2, 16 / 4 * 2, 16 - 4 - 2, 16 - 4 + 2]
null
[2, 8, 10, 14]

25 % 7
null
4

49732 % 472
null
172

1 + tonumber + ("10" | tonumber)
4
15

[{"a":42},.object,10,.num,false,true,null,"b",[1,4]] | .[] as $x | [$x == .[]]
{"object": {"a":42}, "num":10.0}
[true,  true,  false, false, false, false, false, false, false]
[true,  true,  false, false, false, false, false, false, false]
[false, false, true,  true,  false, false, false, false, false]
[false, false, true,  true,  false, false, false, false, false]
[false, false, false, false, true,  false, false, false, false]
[false, false, false, false, false, true,  false, false, false]
[false, false, false, false, false, false, true,  false, false]
[false, false, false, false, false, false, false, true,  false]
[false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, true ]

[.[] | length]
[[], {}, [1,2], {"a":42}, "asdf", "\u03bc"]
[0, 0, 2, 1, 4, 1]

map(keys)
[{}, {"abcd":1,"abc":2,"abcde":3}, {"x":1, "z": 3, "y":2}]
[[], ["abc","abcd","abcde"], ["x","y","z"]]

[1,2,empty,3,empty,4]
null
[1,2,3,4]

map(add)
[[], [1,2,3], ["a","b","c"], [[3],[4,5],[6]], [{"a":1}, {"b":2}, {"a":3}]]
[null, 6, "abc", [3,4,5,6], {"a":3, "b": 2}]

#
# User-defined functions
# Oh god.
#

def f: . + 1; def g: def g: . + 100; f | g | f; (f | g), g
3.0
106.0
105.0

def f: (1000,2000); f
123412345
1000
2000

def f(a;b;c;d;e;f): [a+1,b,c,d,e,f]; f(.[0];.[1];.[0];.[0];.[0];.[0])
[1,2]
[2,2,1,1,1,1]

([1,2] + [4,5])
[1,2,3]
[1,2,4,5]

true
[1]
true

null,1,null
"hello"
null
1
null

[1,2,3]
[5,6]
[1,2,3]

[.[]|floor]
[-1.1,1.1,1.9]
[-2, 1, 1]

[.[]|sqrt]
[4,9]
[2,3]

(add / length) as $m | map((. - $m) as $d | $d * $d) | add / length | sqrt
[2,4,4,4,5,5,7,9]
2

# Should write a test that calls the -lm function from C (or bc(1)) to
# check that they match the corresponding jq functions.  However,
# there's so little template code standing between that it suffices to
# test a handful of these.  The results were checked by eye against
# bc(1).
atan * 4 * 1000000|floor / 1000000
1
3.141592

[(3.141592 / 2) * (range(0;20) / 20)|cos * 1000000|floor / 1000000]
null
[1,0.996917,0.987688,0.972369,0.951056,0.923879,0.891006,0.85264,0.809017,0.760406,0.707106,0.649448,0.587785,0.522498,0.45399,0.382683,0.309017,0.233445,0.156434,0.078459]

[(3.141592 / 2) * (range(0;20) / 20)|sin * 1000000|floor / 1000000]
null
[0,0.078459,0.156434,0.233445,0.309016,0.382683,0.45399,0.522498,0.587785,0.649447,0.707106,0.760405,0.809016,0.85264,0.891006,0.923879,0.951056,0.972369,0.987688,0.996917]


def f(x): x | x; f([.], . + [42])
[1,2,3]
[[[1,2,3]]]
[[1,2,3],42]
[[1,2,3,42]]
[1,2,3,42,42]

# test multiple function arities and redefinition
def f: .+1; def g: f; def f: .+100; def f(a):a+.+11; [(g|f(20)), f]
1
[33,101]

# test closures and lexical scoping
def id(x):x; 2000 as $x | def f(x):1 as $x | id([$x, x, x]); def g(x): 100 as $x | f($x,$x+x); g($x)
"more testing"
[1,100,2100.0,100,2100.0]

# test backtracking through function calls and returns
# this test is *evil*
[[20,10][1,0] as $x | def f: (100,200) as $y | def g: [$x + $y, .]; . + $x | g; f[0] | [f][0][1] | f]
999999999
[[110.0, 130.0], [210.0, 130.0], [110.0, 230.0], [210.0, 230.0], [120.0, 160.0], [220.0, 160.0], [120.0, 260.0], [220.0, 260.0]]

# test recursion
def fac: if . == 1 then 1 else . * (. - 1 | fac) end; [.[] | fac]
[1,2,3,4]
[1,2,6,24]

# test stack overflow and reallocation
# this test is disabled for now, it takes a realllllly long time.
# def f: if length > 1000 then . else .+[1]|f end; f | length
# []
# 1001

reduce .[] as $x (0; . + $x)
[1,2,4]
7

#
# Paths
#

path(.foo[0,1])
null
["foo", 0]
["foo", 1]

path(.[] | select(.>3))
[1,5,3]
[1]

path(.)
42
[]

[paths]
[1,[[],{"a":2}]]
[[0],[1],[1,0],[1,1],[1,1,"a"]]

[leaf_paths]
[1,[[],{"a":2}]]
[[0],[1,1,"a"]]

["foo",1] as $p | getpath($p), setpath($p; 20), delpaths([$p])
{"bar": 42, "foo": ["a", "b", "c", "d"]}
"b"
{"bar": 42, "foo": ["a", 20, "c", "d"]}
{"bar": 42, "foo": ["a", "c", "d"]}

map(getpath([2])), map(setpath([2]; 42)), map(delpaths([[2]]))
[[0], [0,1], [0,1,2]]
[null, null, 2]
[[0,null,42], [0,1,42], [0,1,42]]
[[0], [0,1], [0,1]]

map(delpaths([[0,"foo"]]))
[[{"foo":2, "x":1}], [{"bar":2}]]
[[{"x":1}], [{"bar":2}]]

["foo",1] as $p | getpath($p), setpath($p; 20), delpaths([$p])
{"bar":false}
null
{"bar":false, "foo": [null, 20]}
{"bar":false}

delpaths([[-200]])
[1,2,3]
[1,2,3]

del(.), del(empty), del((.foo,.bar,.baz) | .[2,3,0]), del(.foo[0], .bar[0], .foo, .baz.bar[0].x)
{"foo": [0,1,2,3,4], "bar": [0,1]}
null
{"foo": [0,1,2,3,4], "bar": [0,1]}
{"foo": [1,4], "bar": [1]}
{"bar": [1]}

#
# Assignment
#
.message = "goodbye"
{"message": "hello"}
{"message": "goodbye"}

.foo = .bar
{"bar":42}
{"foo":42, "bar":42}

.foo |= .+1
{"foo": 42}
{"foo": 43}

.[] += 2, .[] *= 2, .[] -= 2, .[] /= 2, .[] %=2
[1,3,5]
[3,5,7]
[2,6,10]
[-1,1,3]
[0.5, 1.5, 2.5]
[1,1,1]

[.[] % 7]
[-7,-6,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
[0,-6,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,0]

.foo += .foo
{"foo":2}
{"foo":4}

.[0].a |= {"old":., "new":(.+1)}
[{"a":1,"b":2}]
[{"a":{"old":1, "new":2},"b":2}]

def inc(x): x |= .+1; inc(.[].a)
[{"a":1,"b":2},{"a":2,"b":4},{"a":7,"b":8}]
[{"a":2,"b":2},{"a":3,"b":4},{"a":8,"b":8}]

.[2][3] = 1
[4]
[4, null, [null, null, null, 1]]

.foo[2].bar = 1
{"foo":[11], "bar":42}
{"foo":[11,null,{"bar":1}], "bar":42}

#
# Conditionals
#

[.[] | if .foo then "yep" else "nope" end]
[{"foo":0},{"foo":1},{"foo":[]},{"foo":true},{"foo":false},{"foo":null},{"foo":"foo"},{}]
["yep","yep","yep","yep","nope","nope","yep","nope"]

[.[] | if .baz then "strange" elif .foo then "yep" else "nope" end]
[{"foo":0},{"foo":1},{"foo":[]},{"foo":true},{"foo":false},{"foo":null},{"foo":"foo"},{}]
["yep","yep","yep","yep","nope","nope","yep","nope"]


# FIXME: define/test behaviour of 'if (.foo,.bar) then A else B end'

[.[] | [.foo[] // .bar]]
[{"foo":[1,2], "bar": 42}, {"foo":[1], "bar": null}, {"foo":[null,false,3], "bar": 18}, {"foo":[], "bar":42}, {"foo": [null,false,null], "bar": 41}]
[[1,2], [1], [3], [42], [41]]

.[] //= .[0]
["hello",true,false,[false],null]
["hello",true,"hello",[false],"hello"]

.[] | [.[0] and .[1], .[0] or .[1]]
[[true,[]], [false,1], [42,null], [null,false]]
[true,true]
[false,true]
[false,true]
[false,false]

[.[] | not]
[1,0,false,null,true,"hello"]
[false,false,true,true,false,false]

# Check numeric comparison binops
[10 > 0, 10 > 10, 10 > 20, 10 < 0, 10 < 10, 10 < 20]
{}
[true,false,false,false,false,true]

[10 >= 0, 10 >= 10, 10 >= 20, 10 <= 0, 10 <= 10, 10 <= 20]
{}
[true,true,false,false,true,true]

# And some in/equality tests
[ 10 == 10, 10 != 10, 10 != 11, 10 == 11]
{}
[true,false,true,false]

["hello" == "hello", "hello" != "hello", "hello" == "world", "hello" != "world" ]
{}
[true,false,false,true]

[[1,2,3] == [1,2,3], [1,2,3] != [1,2,3], [1,2,3] == [4,5,6], [1,2,3] != [4,5,6]]
{}
[true,false,false,true]

[{"foo":42} == {"foo":42},{"foo":42} != {"foo":42}, {"foo":42} != {"bar":42}, {"foo":42} == {"bar":42}]
{}
[true,false,true,false]

# ugly complicated thing
[{"foo":[1,2,{"bar":18},"world"]} == {"foo":[1,2,{"bar":18},"world"]},{"foo":[1,2,{"bar":18},"world"]} == {"foo":[1,2,{"bar":19},"world"]}]
{}
[true,false]

# containment operator
[("foo" | contains("foo")), ("foobar" | contains("foo")), ("foo" | contains("foobar"))]
{}
[true, true, false]

# string operations
[.[]|startswith("foo")]
["fo", "foo", "barfoo", "foobar", "barfoob"]
[false, true, false, true, false]

[.[]|endswith("foo")]
["fo", "foo", "barfoo", "foobar", "barfoob"]
[false, true, true, false, false]

# match builtin
[match("( )*"; "g")]
"abc"
[{"offset":0, "length":0, "string":"", "captures":[]},{"offset":1, "length":0, "string":"", "captures":[]},{"offset":2, "length":0, "string":"", "captures":[]}]

[match("( )*"; "gn")]
"abc"
[]

[match("a"; "gi")]
"āáàä"
[]

[match(["(bar)"])]
"foo bar"
[{"offset": 4, "length": 3, "string": "bar", "captures":[{"offset": 4, "length": 3, "string": "bar", "name": null}]}]

# offsets account for combining codepoints and multi-byte UTF-8
[match("bar")]
"ā bar with a combining codepoint U+0304"
[{"offset": 3, "length": 3, "string": "bar", "captures":[]}]

# matches with combining codepoints still count them in their length
[match("bār")]
"a bār"
[{"offset": 2, "length": 4, "string": "bār", "captures":[]}]

[match(".+?\\b")]
"ā two-codepoint grapheme"
[{"offset": 0, "length": 2, "string": "ā", "captures":[]}]

[match(["foo (?<bar123>bar)? foo", "ig"])]
"foo bar foo foo  foo"
[{"offset": 0, "length": 11, "string": "foo bar foo", "captures":[{"offset": 4, "length": 3, "string": "bar", "name": "bar123"}]},{"offset":12, "length": 8, "string": "foo  foo", "captures":[{"offset": -1, "length": 0, "string": null, "name": "bar123"}]}]

#test builtin
[test("( )*"; "gn")]
"abc"
[false]

[test("ā")]
"ā"
[true]

[.[]|ltrimstr("foo")]
["fo", "foo", "barfoo", "foobar", "afoo"]
["fo","","barfoo","bar","afoo"]

[.[]|rtrimstr("foo")]
["fo", "foo", "barfoo", "foobar", "foob"]
["fo","","bar","foobar","foob"]

.[","]
"a,bc,def,ghij,klmno"
[1,4,8,13]

.[", "]
"a,bc,def,ghij,klmno"
[]

.[", "]
"a,b,, c, d,ef, , ghi, jklmn, o"
[4,7,13,15,20,27]

[(index(","), rindex(",")), indices(",")]
"a,bc,def,ghij,klmno"
[1,13,[1,4,8,13]]

indices(1)
[0,1,1,2,3,4,1,5]
[1,2,6]

indices([1,2])
[0,1,2,3,1,4,2,5,1,2,6,7]
[1,8]

indices([1,2])
[1]
[]

indices(", ")
"a,b, cd,e, fgh, ijkl"
[3,9,14]

[.[]|split(",")]
["a, bc, def, ghij, jklmn, a,b, c,d, e,f", "a,b,c,d, e,f,g,h"]
[["a"," bc"," def"," ghij"," jklmn"," a","b"," c","d"," e","f"],["a","b","c","d"," e","f","g","h"]]

[.[]|split(", ")]
["a, bc, def, ghij, jklmn, a,b, c,d, e,f", "a,b,c,d, e,f,g,h"]
[["a","bc","def","ghij","jklmn","a,b","c,d","e,f"],["a,b,c,d","e,f,g,h"]]

[.[] * 3]
["a", "ab", "abc"]
["aaa", "ababab", "abcabcabc"]

[.[] / ","]
["a, bc, def, ghij, jklmn, a,b, c,d, e,f", "a,b,c,d, e,f,g,h"]
[["a"," bc"," def"," ghij"," jklmn"," a","b"," c","d"," e","f"],["a","b","c","d"," e","f","g","h"]]

[.[] / ", "]
["a, bc, def, ghij, jklmn, a,b, c,d, e,f", "a,b,c,d, e,f,g,h"]
[["a","bc","def","ghij","jklmn","a,b","c,d","e,f"],["a,b,c,d","e,f,g,h"]]

map(.[1] as $needle | .[0] | contains($needle))
[[[],[]], [[1,2,3], [1,2]], [[1,2,3], [3,1]], [[1,2,3], [4]], [[1,2,3], [1,4]]]
[true, true, true, false, false]

map(.[1] as $needle | .[0] | contains($needle))
[[["foobar", "foobaz"], ["baz", "bar"]], [["foobar", "foobaz"], ["foo"]], [["foobar", "foobaz"], ["blap"]]]
[true, true, false]

[({foo: 12, bar:13} | contains({foo: 12})), ({foo: 12} | contains({})), ({foo: 12, bar:13} | contains({baz:14}))]
{}
[true, true, false]

{foo: {baz: 12, blap: {bar: 13}}, bar: 14} | contains({bar: 14, foo: {blap: {}}})
{}
true

{foo: {baz: 12, blap: {bar: 13}}, bar: 14} | contains({bar: 14, foo: {blap: {bar: 14}}})
{}
false

sort
[42,[2,5,3,11],10,{"a":42,"b":2},{"a":42},true,2,[2,6],"hello",null,[2,5,6],{"a":[],"b":1},"abc","ab",[3,10],{},false,"abcd",null]
[null,null,false,true,2,10,42,"ab","abc","abcd","hello",[2,5,3,11],[2,5,6],[2,6],[3,10],{},{"a":42},{"a":42,"b":2},{"a":[],"b":1}]

(sort_by(.b) | sort_by(.a)), sort_by(.a, .b), sort_by(.b, .c), group_by(.b), group_by(.a + .b - .c == 2)
[{"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 14}, {"a": 4, "b": 1, "c": 3}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 3}, {"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 43}]
[{"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 43}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 14}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 3}, {"a": 4, "b": 1, "c": 3}]
[{"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 43}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 14}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 3}, {"a": 4, "b": 1, "c": 3}]
[{"a": 4, "b": 1, "c": 3}, {"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 43}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 3}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 14}]
[[{"a": 4, "b": 1, "c": 3}], [{"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 43}], [{"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 14}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 3}]]
[[{"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 14}, {"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 43}], [{"a": 4, "b": 1, "c": 3}, {"a": 1, "b": 4, "c": 3}]]

unique
[1,2,5,3,5,3,1,3]
[1,2,3,5]

unique
[]
[]

[min, max, min_by(.[1]), max_by(.[1]), min_by(.[2]), max_by(.[2])]
[[4,2,"a"],[3,1,"a"],[2,4,"a"],[1,3,"a"]]
[[1,3,"a"],[4,2,"a"],[3,1,"a"],[2,4,"a"],[4,2,"a"],[1,3,"a"]]

[min,max,min_by(.),max_by(.)]
[]
[null,null,null,null]

.foo[.baz]
{"foo":{"bar":4},"baz":"bar"}
4

.[] | .error = "no, it's OK"
[{"error":true}]
{"error": "no, it's OK"}

[{a:1}] | .[] | .a=999
null
{"a": 999}

to_entries
{"a": 1, "b": 2}
[{"key":"a", "value":1}, {"key":"b", "value":2}]

from_entries
[{"key":"a", "value":1}, {"key":"b", "value":2}]
{"a": 1, "b": 2}

with_entries(.key |= "KEY_" + .)
{"a": 1, "b": 2}
{"KEY_a": 1, "KEY_b": 2}

map(has("foo"))
[{"foo": 42}, {}]
[true, false]

map(has(2))
[[0,1], ["a","b","c"]]
[false, true]

keys
[42,3,35]
[0,1,2]

[][.]
1000000000000000000
null

map([1,2][0:.])
[-1, 1, 2, 3, 1000000000000000000]
[[1], [1], [1,2], [1,2], [1,2]]

# Test recursive object merge

{"k": {"a": 1, "b": 2}} * .
{"k": {"a": 0,"c": 3}}
{"k": {"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 3}}

{"k": {"a": 1, "b": 2}, "hello": {"x": 1}} * .
{"k": {"a": 0,"c": 3}, "hello": 1}
{"k": {"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 3}, "hello": 1}

{"k": {"a": 1, "b": 2}, "hello": 1} * .
{"k": {"a": 0,"c": 3}, "hello": {"x": 1}}
{"k": {"a": 0, "b": 2, "c": 3}, "hello": {"x": 1}}

{"a": {"b": 1}, "c": {"d": 2}, "e": 5} * .
{"a": {"b": 2}, "c": {"d": 3, "f": 9}}
{"a": {"b": 2}, "c": {"d": 3, "f": 9}, "e": 5}

[.[]|arrays]
[1,2,"foo",[],[3,[]],{},true,false,null]
[[],[3,[]]]

[.[]|objects]
[1,2,"foo",[],[3,[]],{},true,false,null]
[{}]

[.[]|iterables]
[1,2,"foo",[],[3,[]],{},true,false,null]
[[],[3,[]],{}]

[.[]|scalars]
[1,2,"foo",[],[3,[]],{},true,false,null]
[1,2,"foo",true,false,null]

[.[]|values]
[1,2,"foo",[],[3,[]],{},true,false,null]
[1,2,"foo",[],[3,[]],{},true,false]

[.[]|booleans]
[1,2,"foo",[],[3,[]],{},true,false,null]
[true,false]

[.[]|nulls]
[1,2,"foo",[],[3,[]],{},true,false,null]
[null]

flatten
[0, [1], [[2]], [[[3]]]]
[0, 1, 2, 3]

flatten(2)
[0, [1], [[2]], [[[3]]]]
[0, 1, 2, [3]]

flatten(2)
[0, [1, [2]], [1, [[3], 2]]]
[0, 1, 2, 1, [3], 2]