Fix parser to allow binary operators for binding syntax (#3326)

Previously, the precedence of `as` binding was higher than the binary
operators. This results in unexpected behaviors, `1 + 2 as $x | -$x`
was `-1` instead of `-3`. The commit 92daac90f6 (PR #3053) changed
the behavior to emit syntax error on this case. Now, this commit allows
binary operators with `as` binding. This fixes #2446, and fixes #3284.

tests/jq.test

@@ -513,6 +513,14 @@ null
 34324
 43
 
+1 + 2 as $x | -$x
+null
+-3
+
+"x" as $x | "a"+"y" as $y | $x+","+$y
+null
+"x,ay"
+
 1 as $x | [$x,$x,$x as $x | $x]
 null
 [1,1,1]