fix: populate timezone data when formatting time (#3203)

The `jv2tm` function was zeroing fields of `struct tm` that were not
specified by the standard. However, depending on the libc this produced
incorrect timezone data when used together with formatting functions.
This change tries to fill the timezone data using either `mktime`,
`timegm`, or manually.

Apple's Libc implementation contains a bug which causes it to ignore
the offset data present in the `struct tm` in favor of the older heuristic
needed by legacy standards. This workaround temporarily sets the global
timezone so it gets picked up during formatting.

tests/shtest

@@ -694,4 +694,26 @@ printf '[\n      {\n            "a": 1\n      }\n]\n' > $d/expected
 $JQ --indent 6 -n "[{a:1}]" > $d/out
 cmp $d/out $d/expected
 
+if ! $msys && ! $mingw; then
+  # Test handling of timezones -- #2429, #2475
+  if ! r=$(TZ=Asia/Tokyo $JQ -rn '1731627341 | strflocaltime("%F %T %z %Z")') \
+    || [ "$r" != "2024-11-15 08:35:41 +0900 JST" ]; then
+    echo "Incorrectly formatted local time"
+    exit 1
+  fi
+ 
+  if ! r=$(TZ=Europe/Paris $JQ -rn '1731627341 | strflocaltime("%F %T %z %Z")') \
+    || [ "$r" != "2024-11-15 00:35:41 +0100 CET" ]; then
+    echo "Incorrectly formatted local time"
+    exit 1
+  fi
+ 
+  if ! r=$(TZ=Europe/Paris $JQ -rn '1731627341 | strftime("%F %T %z %Z")') \
+    || ( [ "$r" != "2024-11-14 23:35:41 +0000 UTC" ] \
+      && [ "$r" != "2024-11-14 23:35:41 +0000 GMT" ] ); then
+    echo "Incorrectly formatted universal time"
+    exit 1
+  fi
+fi
+
 exit 0